大容量气枪震源特征及地震波传播的震相分析   总被引：27，自引：1，他引：26       下载免费PDF全文

林建民  王宝善  葛洪魁  唐杰  张先康  陈颙 《地球物理学报》2008,51(1):206-212

利用大容量气枪震源在陆上水库进行地震波激发试验,研究陆上水库环境下激发气枪震源所产生的地震波特征及传播距离. 试验结果表明,大容量气枪震源是具有丰富的10 Hz以下低频信号的低频震源,其激发的地震波具有传播距离远,穿透深度深的特点. 在185 km长的测线上均记录到了气枪信号,成功检测到Pg,Pc,P2,PmP和Pn等多组震相,并在此基础上对地下深地壳结构进行了一维速度结构正演,讨论了该区域壳幔过渡带的低速结构. 气枪震源还具有一般炸药震源不具有的特征,如长期定点重复激发和有效转换S波的优点,是陆上进行长炮检距深穿透地下结构研究的一种优良人工震源.  相似文献   

2005年11月26日九江—瑞昌M_s5.7、M_s4.8地震的震源机制解与发震构造研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

吕坚  郑勇  倪四道  高建华 《地球物理学报》2008,51(1):158-164

利用来源于江西区域台网和中国地震台网共6个台的宽频带数字地震记录,采用CAP方法反演了2005年11月26日九江—瑞昌5.7级地震和4.8级强余震的震源机制解,并结合地震序列的精确定位结果和区域地质背景讨论了发震构造.结果显示,5.7级主震的最佳双力偶解为节面Ⅰ走向223°,倾角75°,滑动角144°;节面Ⅱ走向324°,倾角55°,滑动角18°.4.8级强余震的最佳双力偶解为节面Ⅰ走向54°,倾角71°,滑动角-160°;节面Ⅱ走向317°,倾角71°,滑动角-20°,这两次地震的震源机制解不完全一致.地震序列在震中空间分布和震源深度分布上也具有复杂性.5.7级主震发生后,余震活动从SE向NW、从浅部往深部发展,在破裂过程中可能遇到障碍体,触发了4.8级强余震.5.7级主震的发震构造可能为隐伏在瑞昌盆地内的洋鸡山—武山—通江岭NW向断裂,4.8级强余震的发震构造可能为瑞昌盆地西北缘的丁家山—桂林桥—武宁NE向断裂北段.  相似文献   

Seismic performance of a 3D full‐scale high‐ductile steel–concrete composite moment‐resisting frame—Part II: Test results and analytical validation     

A. Braconi  O. S. Bursi  G. Fabbrocino  W. Salvatore  F. Taucer  R. Tremblay 《地震工程与结构动力学》2008,37(14):1635-1655

This paper presents the results of a multi‐level pseudo‐dynamic seismic test program that was performed to assess the performance of a full‐scale three‐bay, two‐storey steel–concrete composite moment‐resisting frame built with partially encased composite columns and partial‐strength beam‐to‐column joints. The system was designed to develop a ductile response in the joint components of beam‐to‐column joints including flexural yielding of beam end plates and shear yielding of the column web panel zone. The ground motion producing the damageability limit state interstorey drift caused minor damage while the ultimate limit state ground motion level entailed column web panel yielding, connection yielding and plastic hinging at the column base connections. The earthquake level chosen to approach the collapse limit state induced more damage and was accompanied by further column web panel yielding, connection yielding and inelastic phenomena at column base connections without local buckling. During the final quasi‐static cyclic test with stepwise increasing displacement–amplitudes up to an interstorey drift angle of 4.6%, the behaviour was ductile although cracking of beam‐to‐end‐plate welds was observed. Correlations with numerical simulations taking into account the inelastic cyclic response of beam‐to‐column and column base joints are also presented in the paper together. Inelastic static pushover and time history analysis procedures are used to estimate the structural behaviour and overstrength factors of the structural system under study. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

特低渗透砂岩储层水驱油CT成像技术研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王瑞飞  陈军斌  孙卫 《地球物理学进展》2008,23(3):864-870

通过水驱油岩心的CT成像技术,动态、定量、可视化地研究了特低渗透砂岩储层水驱油岩心的微观孔隙结构、含水饱和度分布、吸水能力及微观孔隙结构对驱油效率的影响.研究表明,实验岩心的CT值分布在1819~1961之间,与标准的Berea砂岩相比高出15%左右,属于典型的特低渗透砂岩储层.储层微观孔隙结构是影响油水分布的主要因素.特低渗透砂岩储层开发要高度重视无水采收率.储层致密和微裂缝发育的不均一性是特低渗透砂岩油田驱油效率低的根本原因.  相似文献   

Velocity structure and active fault of Yanyuan-Mabian seismic zone―The result of high-resolution seismic refraction experiment     

《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(9)

The authors processed the seismic refraction Pg-wave travel time data with finite difference tomography method and revealed velocity structure of the upper crust on active block boundaries and deep features of the active faults in western Sichuan Province. The following are the results of our investigation. The upper crust of Yanyuan basin and the Houlong Mountains consists of the superficial low-velocity layer and the deep uniform high-velocity layer, and between the two layers, there is a distinct, and gently west-dipping structural plane. Between model coordinates 180-240 km, P-wave velocity distribution features steeply inclined strip-like structure with strongly non-uniform high and low velocities alternately. Xichang Mesozoic basin between 240 and 300 km consists of a thick low-velocity upper layer and a high-velocity lower layer, where lateral and vertical velocity variations are very strong and the interface between the two layers fluctuates a lot. The Daliang Mountains to the east of the 300 km coordinate is a non-uniform high-velocity zone, with a superficial velocity of approximately 5 km/s. From 130 to 150 km and from 280 to 310 km, there are extremely distinct deep anomalous high-velocity bodies, which are supposed to be related with Permian magmatic activity. The Yanyuan nappe structure is composed of the superficial low-velocity nappe, the gently west-dipping detachment surface and the deep high-velocity basement, with Jinhe-Qinghe fault zone as the nappe front. Mopanshan fault is a west-dipping low-velocity zone, which extends to the top surface of the basement. Anninghe fault and Zemuhe fault are east-dipping, tabular-like, and low-velocity zones, which extend deep into the base-ment. At a great depth, Daliangshan fault separates into two segments, which are represented by drastic variation of velocity structures in a narrow strip: the west segment dips westward and the east segment dips eastward, both stretching into the basement. The east margin fault of Xichang Mesozoic basin features a strong velocity gradient zone, dipping southwestward and stretching to the top surface of the basement. The west-dipping, tabular-like, and low-velocity zone at the easternmost segment of the profile is a branch of Mabian fault, but the reliability of the supposition still needs to be confirmed by further study. Anninghe, Zemuhe and Daliangshan faults are large active faults stretching deep into the basement, which dominate strong seismic activities of the area.  相似文献   

Deep dynamical processes in the central-southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau—Receiver functions and travel-time residuals analysis of north Hi-Climb     

HaiOu Li  XiWei Xu  Mei Jiang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(9):1297-1305

Teleseismic receiver functions and travel-time residuals along the north Hi-Climb broadband seismic array in the central-southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau show that the lithosphere structures in the central and western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are different. In the central Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Indian Plate is northward subducted beneath the Qiangtang block and arrives at the greatest depth beneath the central-southern Qiangtang block. The delaminated Indian lithospheric slab remains beneath the central Lhasa block to a depth possibly greater than that of the upper interface of the mantle transform zone. In the western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Indian lithospheric plate is gently northward subducted and may have arrived to the south of Tarim plate. Due to the resistance from the gently northward subduction of the Indian mantle lithosphere in the western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the upwelling mantle material be-neath the Qiangtang block moves mostly toward the east to bring about the lateral eastward flow of the deep mantle hot material in the central Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.  相似文献   

S-wave crustal and upper mantle's velocity structure in the eastern Tibetan Plateau——Deep environment of lower crustal flow   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Paul SILVER 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(2)

A teleseismic profile consisting of 26 stations was deployed along 30°N latitude in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. By use of the inversion of P-wave receiver function, the S-wave velocity structures at depth from surface to 80 km beneath the profile have been determined. The inversion results reveal that there is significant lateral variation of the crustal structure between the tectonic blocks on the profile. From Linzhi north of the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis, the crust is gradually thickened in NE direction; the crustal thickness reaches to the maximum value (~72 km) at the Bangong-Nujiang suture, and then decreased to 65 km in the Qiangtang block, to 57―64 km in the Bayan Har block, and to 40―45 km in the Sichuan Basin. The eastern segment of the teleseismic profile (to the east of Batang) coincides geographically with the Zhubalong-Zizhong deep seismic sounding profile carried out in 2000, and the S-wave velocity structure determined from receiver functions is consistent with the P-wave velocity structure obtained by deep seismic sounding in respect of the depths of Moho and major crustal interfaces. In the Qiangtang and the Bayan Har blocks, the lower velocity layer is widespread in the lower crust (at depth of 30―60 km) along the profile, while there is a normal velocity distribution in lower crust in the Sichuan Basin. On an average, the crustal velocity ratio (Poisson ratio) in tectonic blocks on the profile is 1.73 (σ = 0.247) in the Lhasa block, 1.78 (σ = 0.269) in the Banggong-Nujiang suture, 1.80 (σ = 0.275) in the Qiangtang block, 1.86 (σ = 0.294) in the Bayan Har blocks, and 1.77 (σ = 0.265) in the Yangtze block, respectively. The Qiangtang and the Bayan Har blocks are characterized by lower S-wave velocity anomaly in lower crust, complicated Moho transition, and higher crustal Poisson ratio, indicating that there is a hot and weak medium in lower crust. These are considered as the deep environment of lower crustal flow in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Flowage of the ductile material in lower crust may be attributable to the variation of the gravitational potential energy in upper crust from higher on the plateau to lower off plateau.  相似文献   

底柱加强对高层混合结构地震能量反应的影响     

刘哲锋  沈蒲生 《世界地震工程》2008,24(1):29-33

近年来,能量分析方法在结构抗震设计中的应用问题受到国内外地震工程界的普遍关注,被认为是今后结构抗震设计理论的发展方向之一.以一钢框架-钢筋混凝土剪力墙混合结构为对象,通过逐渐增大框架底层柱截面,分析它们在不同类型地震波下的地震能量反应,结果表明,加强钢框架底层柱使结构总输入能基本不发生变化,结构滞回耗能在总输入能中的比例ν和底部剪力墙滞回耗能占结构总滞回耗能的比例μ均随结构刚度特征值λ的增大而减小,因此,加强钢框架底层柱能够提高外钢框架-内混凝土剪力墙结构体系的抗震能力,降低其在强震作用下的损伤程度.  相似文献   

新疆砖木结构民居抗震试验研究与对策分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周铁钢  王庆霖  胡昕 《世界地震工程》2008,24(4)

砖木结构是新疆农村地区建房采用的主要结构形式之一。首先对这种房层的构造特点做了说明,对1/4比例房屋模型振动台试验做了重点介绍。试验结果表明,该单层结构在8度大震时未有明显破坏,9度大震后仍可以继续承载,说明设置一定构造措施的单层砖木结构房屋具有良好的抗震性能;文中对新疆农村实际建房中存在的问题也做了简要说明,并给出了相关对策与建议。  相似文献   

内蒙古大青山地区地质构造与成矿     

李洪喜  ;徐士银  ;张庆龙  ;杜松金  ;杜菊民  ;解国爱 《火山地质与矿产》2008,(3):204-211

内蒙古大青山地区的临河-集宁断裂带是华北板块北缘的一条重要断裂带。它主要由韧性剪切带、韧脆性剪切带和推覆构造等构成。推覆构造自南向北可分为叠瓦逆冲推覆构造带、紧闭褶皱-逆冲断层变形带、宽缓褶皱一断层转折褶皱带、滑脱褶皱一断层传播褶皱带等4个变形带。断裂带从韧性到脆性表示了其出露深度不同。并有由南到北活动强度逐渐减弱的趋势。该区主要分布有以金为主的多金属矿床和以煤、大理岩为主的非金属矿床。区内金多金属矿床多与韧性剪切带有关,断裂构造为金属矿床的形成提供了空间,也是成矿物质的通道。研究指出了该地区的找矿前景与方向。  相似文献